The use of vitamin B3 in cosmetics

Niacinamide is a small-molecule, water-soluble vitamin. It’s frequently used in cosmetics due to its stability—it maintains its properties across a wide pH range and is resistant to light and heat. It’s also a multifunctional ingredient that helps improve skin tone and condition. Niacinamide moisturizes, increases skin elasticity, and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable in the care of a variety of skin types.

Niacinamide has antioxidant properties , which have been confirmed in numerous scientific studies. Regular use of products containing 4-5% niacinamide reduces fine lines and wrinkles. In a study conducted by Kawada’s team (2008) , eight weeks of using a cream containing 4% niacinamide significantly improved skin appearance and reduced wrinkles around the eyes.

Niacinamide not only has anti-wrinkle properties thanks to its antioxidant properties but also stimulates the production of elastic fibers. It improves skin elasticity by supporting collagen synthesis in dermal fibroblasts and stimulating differentiation markers in normal epidermal cells. It is hypothesized that accelerating the epidermal cell cycle acts as a mild exfoliant, resulting in firmer skin and less visible wrinkles.

Trehalose , a disaccharide often used in cosmetics, works synergistically with nicotinamide, supporting the processes of moisturizing and protecting the skin against external factors

Acne therapy with niacinamide

Thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties, vitamin B3 is an effective ingredient in acne treatment. In response to concerns about side effects and increasing antibiotic resistance, safe and effective alternatives are being sought. Niacinamide has potent effects that can support acne therapy. According to a 2017 review article by Franciszka M. Walocko and colleagues , six of eight studies using topical vitamin B3 resulted in significant acne reduction compared to baseline or standard acne treatment. Furthermore, studies using an oral supplement containing nicotinamide also showed significant acne reduction.

Vitamin B3 helps reduce inflammation and the number of skin eruptions , making it a valuable component of acne-prone skin care. It helps alleviate symptoms such as redness and swelling, which is particularly beneficial for those with inflammatory acne. In addition to its anti-inflammatory effects, topical application of niacinamide supports the epidermal barrier function. Stabilizing this barrier is crucial because it reduces transepidermal water loss and improves hydration of the stratum corneum. This, in turn, helps prevent flare-ups and maintain healthy skin, which is crucial for long-term acne treatment.